Ultrasonography in Urology / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Diagnostic ultrasonography was performed on 34 cases with, various urological disorders, mainly of the kidney, and its diagnostic accuracy and simplicity were evaluated.

Ultrasonography in Urology / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Diagnostic ultrasonography was performed on 34 cases with, various urological disorders, mainly of the kidney, and its diagnostic accuracy and simplicity were evaluated.

Clinical Review on Urolithiasis (III) / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A statistical observation was made on 841 cases of urolithiasis among the l.004 cases which were seen during the 15 years period from January 1963 to December. 1977. 1. The incidence of the patients with urolithiasis was 1.85 % of total urological patients and 19.2 % of the inpatients. 2. The incidence of the patients with urolithiasis did not increase in spite of increasing annual incidence of inpatients. 3. They consisted of 266 patients with kidney stone (29 %) . 573 patients with ureter stone (61 %). 68 patients with bladder stone (7%) .and 26 patients with urethral stone (3%) The ratio of upper urinary tract stones to lower urinary tract stones was 9 to I. Among the 266 cases of the kidney stone, 21 cases were staghorn calculi. 4. The most favored predilection of ureter stones was lower 1/3 of ureter in 61% of these. 5. Seasonal variation of urolithiasis was not distinct, but the summer was the most favored season. 6. They were most commonly found between the ages of 20 to 50 (82 %). The causes were not found in all cases of childhood urolithiasis ( 8 cases) under the ages of 10. 7. The ratio of males to females was 2.7 to 1, however, the staghorn calculi were more commonly found in female. The ratio of males to females under age of 25 years was 1.8 to 1. 8. The upper urinary tract calculi occurred both in the right and left side with approximately equal frequency. 9. Multilocated stones were found in 10.7 % of all cases and bilateral stones were found in the 8.4% of the all cases. 10. The clinical symptoms of upper urinary tract calculi were flank pain in 85%, hematuria in 27.7 %, frequency in 17.8 %, nausea and vomiting in 10.4 %, and fever in 7.2%. The clinical symptoms of lower urinary tract calculi were painful urination in 78.7%, frequency in 48.8%, hematuria in 33%, and sudden stoppage in 33%. 11. The microscopic hematuria was found in 68.2% and pyuria in 47.7%. 12. Treatment consisted of surgical intervention in 70.3%, rnknown or expectant therpay in 14.4%, spontaneous expelling in 8.5%, and instrumental manipulation in 6.9%. 13. Definite histor of recurrent calculi was found in 27 cases (3.2%) and average duration of recurrence was 2.5 years.

The Positive Rate of Acid-Fast Bacilli in Nephrectomized Tuberculous Tissue Sections Using Fluorescent Stains / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Diagnosis of tuberculosis is obviously presumptive unless tubercel bacilli have been identified in tissue sections or have been cultured from various clinical specimens or tuberculous lesions. But it is well known that the detection of acid-fast bacilli is extremely difficult in conventionally stained tissue sections especially when they contain only a few tubercle bacilli. Therefore fluorescent technique employing two dyes (Auramins-Rhodamine) which is capable of detecting this pathogen more readily is of considerable value. This fluorescent stain has proven decidedly more effective than the conventional Ziehl-Neelsen stain and is more easily performed. Tissue sections from 47 cases of nephrectomized specimens under the clinical diagnosis of renal tuberculosis were examined for tubercle bacilli by means of fluorescent stain technique, and the following conclusions were obtained. 1. Of 47 cases, 34(72%) proved to contain acid-fast bacilli. 2. Fluorescent stains for acid-bastacilli in tissue sections have a pathologically considerable value when differentiating the fibrosis owing to non-specific chronic inflammation from organized caseation necrosis. 3. In general, high positive rate was concerned with shorter duration of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy before operation. 4. Our opinion is that autonephrectomized kidney should be removed for fear of recurrence and shortening the duration of treatment. 5. If the tissue culture is negative because tubercle bacilli have been killed or viable tubercle bacilli have been attenuated, the bacteriologic diagnosis can be established only by means of the fluorescent stain for acid-fast bacilli in tissue section. 6. The fluorescent stains for acid-fast bacilli in tissuesections should be done for the routine examinations of potentially tuberculous tissue sections as a diagnostic aid or the unique bacteriological diagnostic method.

Overall Clinical Statistics in the Urology Department of Seoul National University Hospital for the Past 24 Years (1954~1977) / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A clinical and statistical observation was made on out-patients and in-patients admitted to the Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital for the past 24 years from 1954 to 1977. The observations were summarized as follows. 1. During the period, the total number of out-patients was 63,438 and that of in-patients, 6,028. 2. In the out-patients, lower urinary tract infections such as urethritis and prostatitis were the most common diseases regardless of the time period. 3. In the in-patient, the frequency of the disease has been changed with the lapse of time in the order of the occurrence. The interesting changes of the disease order related to the time period were noted as follows. 1954-1960 : genitourinary tuberculosis, urolithiasis, tumor, injury and congenital anomaly. 1961-1970 : urolitiasis, tumor, genitourinary tuberculosis, injury, infection and congenital anomaly. 1971-1977 : tumor. urolithiasis, genitourinary tuberculosis, congenital anomaly, injury and infection. 4. In 1977, 10 major diseases were tumor, ureteral stone, infertility, renal tuberculosis, B. P. H. hypospadias, varicocele, renal stone, scrotal injury and renal tumor 5. Major operations were performed on 4,122 cases during the period. Nephrectomy and ureterolithotomy were the most common operations. Recently, total cystectomy with ileal loop diversion, transurethral procedure and vasovasostomy, which require more skillful techniques, are increasing in number.